Welcome to CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES,

Archive

  • 2017 Volume 39 Issue 5
    Published: 28 October 2017
      

  • Select all
    |
  • ZHANG Yan-jiao,LI Chang-yu,WANG Jin-hui1,CHANG Hui-lin,WEI Wei1,MA Chao,JIANG Zhi-hao,JIANG Hong-wei,LIU Chun-yan;YIN Zhen-gong;JIN Xi-jun;XIN Da-we1*; CHEN Qing-shan1*
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

     Symbiotic nodulation in soybean is an important agronomic trait affecting soybean biological nitrogen fixation. Few QTLs for symbiotic nodulation with small confidence interval could be applied in practice. Our purpose was to integrate the results of previous studies and propose meta-QTL. Meta-analysis was carried out based on 48 QTLs about symbiotic nodule-related traits across 4 independent studies, and two meta-QTLs controlling nodule number, nodule side and nodule dry-weight were proposed. Six candidate genes were screened from the interval of Meta-QTL and their expressional patterns were analyzed by qRT-PCR in cultivar soybean and wilt soybean inoculated with rhizobia. Among them, 4 genes may be involved in symbiotic nodulation in soybean. This two meta-QTLs should prove helpful in identification and functionality study of candidate genes associated with symbiotic nodule-related traits.

  • LI Jian-wei, YANG Jun-kai, JIA Bo-wei, SUN Ming-zhe, LIU Yu, YIN Kui-de*, SUN Xiao-li*
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    OSCA belongs to the transmembrane calcium-permeable cation channel proteins and plays vital roles in hyperosmotic stress responses. However, up to now, little studies were reported about OSCA gene family, especially in legume crops. In this study, a total of 21 GmOSCA genes were identified from soybean. These OSCA genes were distributed in 15 different chromosomes. Further syntenic analysis revealed that most GmOSCAs possessed duplication events. The results of Ka (non-synonymous substitution rate)/Ks (synonymous substitution rate) ratios suggested that the duplication of GmOSCAs mainly underwent purifying selection. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 21 GmOSCAs could be divided into 2 subfamilies, and subfamily I could be further divided into 3 groups (Group Ⅰ-Ⅲ). Further analysis demonstrated that OSCA family was conserved in term of gene structure and conserved motif. All these GmOSCAs contained three functional domains (Late exocytosis,Cytosolic domain of 10TM putative phosphate transporter and Calcium-dependent channel). Tissue expression profile analysis of OSCA genes showed that they were differentially expressed in various tissues. Further saline-alkali stress expression patterns analysis showed that OSCA3.1 exhibited the maximum upregulation value. Promoter analysis revealed that many different stress responsive elements existed in the promoters of these salt-alkali stress responsive genes. Most of these elements were related to drought and ABA responses. These results would provide new valuable information and important reference for future research.

  • LI Hai-fen, QIU Jin-mei§, CHEN Xiao-pin, HONG Yan-bin, LIANG Xuan-qiang*
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    The synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanin is related to testa color of peanut cultivars. To reveal the relationship between testa color and expression patterns of genes associated with anthocyanin synthesis in peanut, four peanut cultivars with different testa colors were selected to characterize the anthocyanin composition and expression patterns of seven genes (PAL, CHS, CHI, F3'H, DFR, ANS, 3GT) related to the bio-synthesis of anthocyanin at 5 pod developmental stages, by HPLC and real-time quantitative PCR. The results showed anthocyanin in peanut testa was consisted of delphinidin, cyanidin and pelargonidin. The color of peanut testa had positive correlation with the content of three pigmentations. The color of peanut testa was significantly correlated with high expression levels of chalcone synthase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), dihydroflavonol-4.reductase(DFR), flavonoid 3'-ydroxylase(F3'H)and anthocyanidin synthase(ANS) during the seed filling stage (40-50d after flowering).

  • MA Yu, LYU Pin, HOU Jian-hua*
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    To develop drought resistance gene locus of sunflower, Map QTL4.0 was used to analyse QTL mapping of 187 inbred lines based on previous linkage map of sunflower. A total of 40 QTLs were detected under two conditions (normal irrigation and drought). 22 QTLs of 6 traits explained 6% to 21.6% of the phenotypic variance under drought stress. A total of 18 QTLs explained 6.1% to 18.2% of the phenotypic variance under irrigation conditions. At the same time, a total of 10 QTLs were detected under both drought stress and irrigation conditions, and these QTLs had the same effects and ability of stable expression in different environments. 16 QTLs were detected between drought and irrigation conditions, and these QTLs could have made direct contribution to drought tolerance . Among the 56 QTLs, 11 major QTLs had more than 10% contribution to phenotypic variance explained.

  • ZENG kai, ZHANG Heng-bin, CHEN Li-miao, ZHAO Jin, LUO Geng-tong, ZHAN Yong *,ZHOU Xin-an
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    A total of 68 soybean accessions, including introduced or self-bred varieties, were used to perform variation, correlation, principal component and cluster analysis based on their agronomic traits in Shihezi region, Xinjiang Province. The results showed that, among 18 agronomic traits, variation coefficient of lodging resistance was the highest (40.53%) while that of protein content was the least (3.43%). Additionally, yield had significant positive correlations (P<0.01) with grain weight per plant, 100-seed weight, fat content, had negative correlations (P<0.01) with growth period, pod-setting. Principal component analysis showed that cumulative contribution rate of the former six principal component was 82.77 %. Cluster analysis indicated that 68 soybean accessions were apparently divided into seven groups when genetic distance was ten. Moreover, varieties in group I was widely adaptable and could be planted in most regions of Xinjiang. Varieties in group Ⅲ had more bean pods, greater seed number per plant and higher protein content. Varieties in group Ⅳ had a certain number of effective branches, more greater seed number per plant and higher protein content. Varieties in group Ⅴ had a short growth period, but high yield and so was suitable for being used as resowing varieties. Varieties in group Ⅵ had more pods, bean pods, greater seed number per plant and higher protein content, and so it was used as sprout soybean or special soybean of bean products in local region. Varieties in group Ⅶ, having more bean pods and biomass, high 100-seed weight and fat content, could be used as green manure due to its more greater biomass after wheat was harvested. The results could provide reference for introduction, research and utilization of soybean germplasm resources in Xinjiang. 

  • OU Qiao-ming, YE Chun-lei, LI Jin-jing, CHEN Jun, CUI Wen-juan, HOU Yi-qing, WANG Li-guang, LI Zhong-wang, LUO Jun-jie*
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    For better use of the resources, 336 oil flax varieties were identified by variation analysis, principal components analysis and cluster analysis. 6 agronomic traits were investigated. Their variations ranged from 13.9% to 39.5%, indicating the diversity of materials was significant and tested materials was promising. Principal components (PC) analysis showed that the first 4 PCs, which might be regarded as grain yield component factor accounting for 81.04% of variation among the materials. These 4 PCs and their contribution rates were fruits per plant (27.68%), stems per plant and plant height factor (20.38%), seeds per fruit factor (17.40%) and yield factor (15.57%). Through cluster analysis, all materials were classified into 4 groups at the level of D =41.925. The variety resources with excellent agronomic traits for high fruit yield were mostly in group Ⅲ and subgroup Ⅰ of group Ⅱ. The variety resources in subgroup Ⅰ of group Ⅰ were excellent for high fibre yield. They were excellent gene resources in breeding.

  • HOU Wei-hai, WANG Jiang-ling*, DAN Ba, HU Dang
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

     To explore the correlation between the oil/protein body shapes and oil/protein contents of seeds from Tibet Brassica rapa L., 36 cultivars and landraces were investigated on oil body and protein body, as well as oil and protein contents. Materials were classified by oil content into high (50.22-54.94%), medium (45.41-49.91%) and low (20.76-38.45%) groups. Sizes of oil body and protein body were observed by Leica DM5000. Results showed that the oil bodies were mainly round, and protein bodies were subrotund. Seeds from high oil content group (HO) had more oil bodies with larger sizes (average of 2.12 μm), and less protein bodies with larger sizes (average of 5.24 μm). Seeds from low oil content group (LO) had less oil bodies with smaller sizes (average of 1.44 μm), and more protein bodies with smaller sizes (average of 3.81 μm). The correlation analysis showed that: 1. oil body size had significant positive correlation with oil content, but had significant negative correlation with protein content; 2. Protein body size had no correlation with protein content; 3. Seed oil content had significant negative correlation with protein content. Thus for high oil breeding in Tibetan regions, the candidate materials should have greater number and large size of oil body, and have fewer protein body with larger size.

  • CHEN Feng, LIU Xin, MENG Yong-jie, SHUAI Hai-wei, ZHOU Wen-guan, YANG Feng, LIU Wei-guo, YONG Tai-wen, YANG Wen-yu, SHU Kai
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    maize-soybean intercropping system, soybean was shaded by the taller crop maize, and consequently, soybean seeds were under shade stress conditions during their entire developmental stages. The objectives of this study were to find out whether and how the shade stress influence the abiotic stresses tolerance of soybean seeds during germination. Soybean cultivar ?Hedou19? and maize cultivar ?Jundan26? were employed as the experimental materials. The maize-soybean intercropping (IC) system had two rows of maize and soybean crossed planting (1:1), and the soybean monocropping (MC) was used as control. After soybean was harvested, the quality traits including 100-seed weight, protein content and fat content were measured and the ability of resisting adversity (high temperature, mannitol, glucose, PEG, NaCl and abscisic acid) during germination was analyzed. The expression of genes related to signal transduction of ABA was further analyzed by qRT-PCR assay. Results showed that there was no significant difference in 100-seed weight, fat content and protein content between monocropping and intercropping soybean seeds. Intercropping soybean seeds germinated faster than monocropping soybean seeds under abiotic stresses conditions (high temperature, mannitol, glucose, PEG, NaCl and ABA) and showed strong resistance to abiotic stresses. qRT-PCR demonstrated that the transcription levels of GmABI4 and GmABI5, positive regulators in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway, in the intercropping soybean seeds were lower than that in monocropping soybean seeds. Therefore soybean quality did not change in maize-soybean intercropping system, it could enhance the abiotic stresses tolerance during germination processes, maybe primarily through weakening ABA signaling strength.

  • WU Zheng-feng,SUN Xue-wu,ZUO Shao-ling,SHEN Pu,LIU Jun-hua,.WANG Cai-bin*,WAN, Shu-bo, ZHENG Ya-ping,ZHENG Yong-mei,YU Tian-yi
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    The objective of this study was to discover the mechanisms of the photo-inhibition and photo-protection of peanut from shadow to high light,and further to provide a theoretical basis for high-yield cultivation of peanut intercropped with wheat. In our study, three treatments were set up from seedling emergency with “Baisha 1016”, and these treatments were (1) Control, with natural light; (2) S50, sunlight-shaded of 50% by shade net; (3) S85, sunlight-shaded of 85%. The photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameter,superoxide production rate and activity of antioxidant enzymes were measured. Results showed that: compared to those of the control with full light, the photosynthesis rate (Pn) and chlorophyll fluorescence parameter (Fv/Fm) of shading peanut leaves decrease continuously in first 5 d, the Pn and Fv/Fm of peanut ranked as Control > S50 > S85 on the 5th day after shading removed. PN under S50 and S85 treatments restored to the level of control on the 10th and 20th days after shade removed, and Fv/Fm under S50 and S85 treatments restored to the level of Control on the 12th and 15th days after shade removed. Sunlight-shaded treatments significantly increased non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) and initial fluorescence (Fo) within the first 0 -10 days, and those were gradually reduced to the level similar to the control after 10 days. The active oxygen anion increased rapidly and ranked as S85 > S50 > Control on the 5th days after shade removed, yet the higher production of active oxygen anion was reduced with the increasing activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) or catalase (CAT). The thermal dissipation and antioxidant were important in improving the adaptability of peanut leaves to sudden intensive sunlight.

  • ZHANG Hong-peng, ZHANG Pan-pan, LI Bing1 LI Dong, LIU Wen-bin, FENG Nai-jie, ZHENG Dian-feng,*
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

     With sub-indeterminate soybean varieties Kenfeng 14 and Kenfeng 16 as materials, a pot experiment was conducted to analyze the effect of uniconazole on agronomic traits and physiological and biochemical characteristics of soybean under waterlogging stress, through spraying uniconazole at early flowering period five days after waterlogging stress. The results showed that the growth of soybean was inhibited by flooding stress, the plant height, the accumulation of dry matter in plant leaves, petioles, stems and roots and antioxidant enzyme activities were decreased, but the stem diameter was increased. Spraying uniconazole treatment could effectively alleviate plant dry matter weight reduced under waterlogging stress, and significantly improve the activity of soybean antioxidant enzyme system, reduce MDA content, increase proline content in leaf and root, and soluble sugar and starch accumulation in root. All these could improve soybean production by increase their waterlogging resistance and returned to normal after moisture accumulation.

  • XU Jing, WANG Xian-ping, TIAN Shi-gang, YANG Seng, SHANG Zhi-wei, WEN He, GUO Ping, SHEN Qi*, ZHAO Ji-xian*
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    To obtain the ideal type of Perilla frutescens, correlation between main agronomic traits and yield components was studied. 209 samples derived from the main ecological areas were planted in 2 places (Guiyang and Kaiyang in Guizhou Province). Three main factors (spikes per plant, grains per spike and 1 000-seed weight), were identified. The ideal type was constructed by yield per plant and the extreme values. Results showed that, in Guiyang and Kaiyang sites, ideotype plant yield was about 29.25-30.21g and 24.81-25.17g respectively. Theoretical yield was about 165 kg and 136 kg respectively. Correlation of main agronomic traits and yield components would help the breeding of high yield P. frutescens.

  • LIU Zhe-hui, ZHANG Li-yan, KANG Ji-ping, ZHANG Chun-lei*
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    To investigate bio-fumigation action of decomposed rape stubbles on soil-borne diseases in maize under multiple cropping pattern, an alternate cropping experiment with rape-stubble-maize and wheat-stubble-maize was carried out in 2 dryland maize producing areas for 2 consecutive years. Soil nutrient, microbial characteristics, incidence of soil-borne diseases and crop yield were investigated by inoculation experiments of Sphacelotheca reiliana and Rhizoctonia solani on rape stubble in these 2 cropping patterns. Results showed that available NPK nutrient in soil increased with rape stubbles crushing and returning to field continuously. Soil organic matter increased significantly during the entire experiment period. Bacteria quantity in soil increased while fungi quantity decreased. The occurrence of soil-borne diseases showed that bio-fumigation effect of rape stubble reduced incidence of these two soil-borne diseases. Compared with wheat-maize rotation pattern, maize yield in rape-maize rotation pattern was significantly improved, meaning that rape stubbles played an important role in fertilizing soil and improving microflora environment in soil. In addition, the bio-fumigation effect of rape stubble had an inhibitory effect on these 2 soil-borne diseases in maize, which was conducive to improve the yield of succeeding maize.

  • MENG Dan-na, ZHAO Ru-jun, ZHAO Jie-feng, LI Yuan-jie, XUE Cai-yun, FU Jun-fan*
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    The objective of this study is understand the resistance induced by exogenous chemicals to peanut early leaf spot disease and web blotch disease. The induced resistance efficacy, agronomic traits and pod yield of six exogenous chemicals such as salicylic acid, calcium chloride and sodium silicate to two diseases were tested. The results indicated that all 6 compounds could induce resistance to peanut early leaf spot disease and web blotch disease, when applied to the plants as a spray treatment. Calcium chloride was the most effective in controlling web blotch disease (53.01%) and sodium silicate was the most effective in controlling early leaf spot disease (42.28%). The areas under disease progress curve (AUDPC) of Calcium chloride and sodium silicate treatments were significantly smaller than that of others, which were 28.87%? (calculated with disease index of web blotch) and 31.77% (based on disease index of early leaf spot), and smaller than that of control. Furthermore, calcium chloride treatment was the best to improve the pod yield of peanut, with 17.81% increased compared to water control.

  • YAN Li-ying, SONG Wan-duo, LEI Yong, WAN Li-yun, Huai Dong-xin, KANG Yan-ping, REN Xiao-ping, JIANG Hui-fang, LIAO Bo-shou*
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

    Artificial inoculation technique for peanut stem rot (caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.) was established in greenhouse. The results showed that the most efficient inoculations were with oat inoculum to stem base and with oat inoculum to soil surface. The inoculation with oat inoculum to soil surface was more convenient in manipulation. There was no significant difference of disease index among peanut seedlings after inoculated with different dosage of oat inoculum of S. rolfsii, and the highest disease index was found in inoculation with four oat inoculums. There was no significant difference of disease index among the seedlings inoculated at 15~35 days after planting (DAP) with the same oat inoculums. The inoculation technique established in this paper could induce peanut stem rot efficiently, and the disease incidence and disease index were 100% and 89.2 respectively. The resistance to peanut stem rot of nineteen peanut varieties/lines were evaluated by this technique and only Zhonghua 16 showed moderate resistance to stem rot , while others were medium to highly susceptible. 

  • HUANG Zhi-peng, LI Long-cheng, WU Hai-ning,LI Ying, ZHONG Rui-chun, HAN Zhu-qiang, HE Liang-qiong,TANG Xiu-mei,XIONG Fa-qian,JIANG Jing,LUO Sai-yun,TANG Rong-hua*
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save



     The problem of pod empty-stem is often presented in acid soil young orchard intercropping peanut of southern China. Strong red-yellow soil acidity with low exchangeability of calcium in the soil mass fraction is the characteristics of acid soil. (young orchard,? may be the cause of the problem, can't meet the needs of development of peanut pods of calcium.?) Peanut variety ?Guihua 1026? was used as the research material. to study the effects of calcium fertilizer on agronomic characteristics, yield and quality of intercropping peanut in acid soil. The results indicated that except for 1500 kg/Ha application of calcium magnesium phosphate, applying calcium fertilizer couldn't promote peanut growth, but increased the chlorophyll SPAD value. Application of calcium fertilizer significantly increased the pod yield of peanut in acid soil. The yield of 1125 kg/Ha of calcium magnesium phosphate and the yield of 1500 kg/Ha of calcium magnesium phosphate increased by 99.55% and 100.45% respectively, compared with no calcium fertilizer. It might be related to higher full pods number per plant, higher weight of 100-pod, higher Pod mass per plant and increased kernel rate. Also because of the reduction of empty pods number, the fat content of seed kernel was significantly improved by different calcium fertilizer treatments, but there was no obvious effect on seed kernel protein content, oleic acid content and linoleic acid content. The application of calcium magnesium phosphate would be more appropriate for acid soil with young orchard intercropping peanut. Our results demonstrated that the performance of 1125 kg/Ha Ca application was the best among these 8 treatments, which resulted full peanut pod and high yield with greater economic benefit.

  • Zhang Li-li, Liu Jing-jing,Qiao Hai-ming, Qu Zhi-hua, Li Shi-fang, JIN Ying-lu
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

     To breed improved yield varieties, 20 flax germplasm imported from Russia were studied based on their comprehensive performance. Investigation on agronomic traits showed that individual germplasm could be directly used in production. By principal component analysis, the first 3 principal components had the cumulative variance contribution rate of 80%. Results showed that No. 6 germplasm (Bilton) had the highest scores of optimal performance, followed by No. 13 (Б-207) and No. 1 (и-099850×л-1к5408); No. 3 (Astral) and No.7 (McBeth) had the lowest comprehensive scores with the worst adaptability. Based on system clustering, 20 flax germplasm could be divided into 4 groups.

  • ZHANG Yao-wen, ZHAO Xiao-guang, GUAN Zhou-bo,WANG Xue-fang, HOU Jun-li, TIAN Jian-hua, DONG Yu-hong, LI Dian-rong, LU Qing-tao,LU Cong-ming
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save

     In order to improve the yield, quality and stress resistance of rapeseed, and promote the development of rapeseed industry by studying photosynthetic characteristics on rapeseed silique. On the basis of previous work, the characteristics of photosynthetic pigments, photosynthetic area, diurnal variation of net photosynthesis rate and the carbon assimilation of silique were respectively reviewed. The silique layer was further discussed on its structure, light interception, photosynthetic function regulation and the ideal construction of high efficiency. To illustrate the relationship between silique photosynthesis and seed yield, the contribution of silique photosynthetic products to yield, the reason of high efficient transformation and regulation of silique photosynthates were discussed. For high photosynthetic efficiency breeding, the existing problems and advantages of silique photosynthesis research as well as the ideas and methods for future work were discussed.

  • LI Yun-jing, XIAO Fang, SHAO Lin, WU Yu-hua, WAN Dan-feng, WU Gang*
    Download PDF ( )   Knowledge map   Save


     Edible vegetable oils are necessary to maintain the nutrition ingredients for human health, the safety of these oils has been highly concerned by consumers. As the number of commercial varieties of genetically modified oilseed crops was constantly increased, presence of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) became another problem besides adulteration in edible vegetable oils. This article summarized the situation of commercial plant of genetically modified crops in the world and GMO labeling in major countries or regions. The paper reviewed DNA extraction methods and influence factors, GMO detection technology with the advantage comparison. This work will provide references for systematical studying of GMO detection in edible oils in the future.