In order to identify high nitrogen efficiency winter rapeseed for both paddy-dryland rotation and dryland rotation planting in yellow soil in Guizhou Province, field experiment was conducted on growth, nutrient absorption and utilization efficiency of different rapeseed varieties under 4 nitrogen application rates (0, 45, 135 and 180 kg/hm2, named as N0, N45, N135 and N180 respectively) using 26 varieties.Results showed that yield of all tested varieties increased with nitrogen application rates. Under N180 treatment, Deyouza 11 had the highest yield, output value and economic benefit under dryland rotalion. Its yield, output value and economic benefit reached 3130 kg/hm2, 15 650 yuan/hm2 and 9998 yuan/hm2. And Deyouza 11 also had the highset yield, output value and economic benifit under paddy-dryland rotation, reached 2767 kg/hm2, 13 835 yuan/hm2 and 8183 yuan/hm2, respectively. Deyouza 11 also had the largest biomass in both dryland rotation and paddy-dryland rotation. Nitrogen agronomic efficiency in dry field planting increased firstly, and then decreased with nitrogen application rate, and reached the peak value in N135 treatment. Partial nitrogen productivity and uptake efficiency of all tested varieties decreased with nitrogen application rate. Compare to paddy-dryland rotation, rapeseed yield, nutrient uptake and nitrogen use efficiency in dryland rotation were much higher. The nitrogen agronomic efficient of winter rapeseed in dry field planting increased firstly, and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate, and reached the maximum value in N135 treatment. Under different nitrogen application conditions, partial nitrogen productivity and nitrogen absorption rate of all tested winter rapeseed varieties decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. The yield, nutrient uptake and nitrogen use efficiency of winter rapeseed planted in dryland rotation were better than those in paddy-dryland rotation. Considering the yield, economic benefit and nutrientnitogen uptake and utilization, 8 varieties were recommended for dryland rotation, including Deyouza 11, Qianyouzao 2, Longting 1, Qingyou 1, Jinyou 8, Qingyou 3, Jinnongyou 1 and Qianyouzao 1. And 8 varieties were recommended for paddy-dryland rotation, including Deyouza 11, Qianyou 28, Guangyuan 68, Qingyou 3, Hualongyou 1, Longting 1, Qingyou 1 and Rongyou 28. It was suggested that nitrogen management of winter rapeseed should be adjusted according to rotation patterns.