For better use of castor resources, 302 wild castor accessions were collected systematically from southern China. Their genetic diversity on 6 qualitative traits and 7 quantitative traits were analyzed by cluster and principal component analysis. Phenotypically, these wild castor materials possessed medium-sized blades, ovalshaped capsules, tower-shaped spikes, long racemes and medium inflorescence density. With rich genetic variation, the target traits in these materials behaved high genetic diversity index. Among them, stem diameter with the high⁃est 10.020, were followed by the number of main stems (10.896). The highest coefficient of variation belonged to the number of effective spikes (75.422%), which followed by the height of main stem (46.656%). At the genetic distance of 20, 302 accessions were clustered into 3 groups. In group I, the accessions had medium height, small number of main stem node, large number of effective spikes and longer spike length. In group Ⅱ, the accessions had larger plant, stronger stem, long spike but small number of effective spike. In group Ⅲ, the accessions had shorter plant,thin stems, medium effective spike number. Principal component analysis of 7 quantitative traits showed that cumu⁃lative contribution rate of the first 3 principal components reached 84.425%. The traits with higher load included main stem spike height, stem diameter, plant height, main stem spike length, main stem node number, primary branch spike length and effective spike number per plant. The eigenvalue of the effective spike number per planthad the opposite effect to the first 6 traits, showing the contradiction between plant height, spike size and effective spike number.