Toxicity and mechanism of different insecticides to Lipaphis erysimi and residue in mustard

WANG Yu-fei, LI Hai-ping, MA Qiang, YANG Bo-hui

CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4) : 716.

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CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4) : 716. DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2020065

Toxicity and mechanism of different insecticides to Lipaphis erysimi and residue in mustard

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Abstract

To effectively control turnip aphid by insecticide, toxicity of different types of insecticides to Lipaphis erysimi on mustard(Brassica juncea)was investigated. Leaf residues of 2 insecticides after seed dressing were measured. Results showed that the median lethal concentration(LC50)of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides was greater than that of pyrethroid and nicotine insecticides. Among 12 tested insecticides, aphid showed the most sensitive to methomyl and daphene, with LC50 of 3.152 mg/L and 3.452 mg/L respectively. Aphid was most sensitive to cypermethrin in 5 tested pyrethroid insecticides, with LC50 of 10.741 mg/L, and least sensitive to fenvalerate with a LC50 of 30.938 mg/L. The LC50 of thiamethoxam and imidacloprid to aphid were 15.460 mg/L and 30.585 mg/L respectively. Acetylcholinesterase(AChE)activity of aphid could be inhibited by the tested organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides, Daphene showed the highest inhibitory effect with and the median inhibitory concentration(I50)of 1.97×10-5mol/L, and I50 of triazophos was the highest, which was 15.51×10-5 mol/L. The median inhibitory time(IT50)of daphene was 0.21 min, and IT50 of triazophos was 8.30 min. The activity of Na+-K+- ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase were inhibited by all the 5 pyrethroid insecticides. When the final concentration of pyrethroid insecticide was 1×10-4 mol/L, bifenthrin had the strongest inhibition on Na+-K+- ATPase, the inhibition rate was 31.65%. Deltamethrin had the strongest inhibition on Ca2 -Mg2+- ATPase, and the inhibition rate was 38.60%. The mitochondrial membrane fluidity of the aphid was affected by 5 pyrethroid insecticides, thereby further affecting the enzyme activity in insects, and the effect was positively related to the pyrethroid concentration. At the concentration of 1×10-4 mol/L, cypermethrin had the strongest effect on slowing down the mitochondrial membrane fluidity of the aphid, with polarization value 0.289; fenvalerate had the weakest effect, the polarization was 0.263. When mustard seeds were dressed with chlorpyrifos and thiamethoxam, a certain residual period was found which would further reduce the pest damage degree. The content of the 2 insecticides in seedling leaves reached the highest at 7 d after germination, and then decreased gradually over time to an undetectable level after the 5th week. In conclusion, appropriate doses of different types of pesticides have reasonable guiding for inhibiting aphid activity and reducing its population.

Key words

mustard (Brasscia juncea) / Lipaphis erysimi / insecticides / toxicity / mechanism / residue

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WANG Yu-fei, LI Hai-ping, MA Qiang, YANG Bo-hui. Toxicity and mechanism of different insecticides to Lipaphis erysimi and residue in mustard[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES, 2021, 43(4): 716 https://doi.org/10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2020065

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