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Research progress on the main nutritional components and physiological functions of tiger nut （Cyperus esculentus L.）
Ting-ting GUO, Chu-yun WAN, Feng-hong HUANG, Chun-lei WEI, Zheng-hua HU
CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6) : 1174-1180.
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Research progress on the main nutritional components and physiological functions of tiger nut （Cyperus esculentus L.）
Tiger nut （Cyperus esculentus L., TN）, is a perennial herb of Cyperus Linn. It has the advantages of wide adaptability, short growth period, large biomass and high oil content. Stems and leaves of TN can be used as silage, and tubers of TN can be eaten raw or cooked. Noteworthily, TN can be used for oil production, and the cake can be further applied for feed. Therefore, as a new crop, TN integrates food, oil and fodder as a whole and has high economic value and development potential. In order to deeply understand TN and promote its high-value utilization, the research progress of the main nutrients such as oil, protein and polysaccharide in TN were summarizd. The physiological functions of TN in reducing blood lipid, lowering blood glucose, antioxidantion and protecting liver were expounded in detail. Moreover, the market scale and scientific research prospect were forecasted.
tiger nut / tuber / nutritional components / physiological functions {{custom_keyword}} /
Table 1 Composition of fatty acids in tiger nut and several common vegetable oils表1 油莎豆和几种常见植物油脂肪酸组成 |
| 植物油 Vegetable oils | 脂肪酸组成 Fatty acid composition /% | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 棕榈酸 Palmitic acid （C16：0） | 硬脂酸 Stearic acid （C18：0） | 油酸 Oleic acid （C18：1） | 亚油酸 Linoleic acid （C18：2） | 亚麻酸 Linolenic acid （C18：3） | 花生酸 Arachidic acid （C20：0） | |
| 油莎豆油 Tiger nut oil | 12.2 ~ 14.2 | 2.4 ~ 4.9 | 67.7 ~ 74.6 | 8.8 ~ 11.5 | 0.2 ~ 1.9 | - |
| 低芥酸菜籽油 Low erucic acid rapeseed oil | 2.5 ~ 7.0 | 0.8 ~ 3.0 | 51.0 ~ 70.0 | 15.0 ~ 30.0 | 5.0 ~ 14.0 | 0.2 ~ 1.2 |
| 橄榄油 Olive oil | 7.5 ~ 20.0 | 0.5 ~ 5.0 | 55.0 ~ 83.0 | 3.5 ~ 21.0 | 0.0 ~ 0.1 | 0.0 ~ 0.6 |
| 花生油 Peanut oil | 8.0 ~ 14.0 | 1.0 ~ 4.5 | 35.0 ~ 69.0 | 13.0 ~ 43.0 | 0.0 ~ 0.3 | 1.0 ~ 2.0 |
| 玉米油 Corn oil | 8.6 ~ 16.5 | 0 ~ 3.3 | 20.0 ~ 42.2 | 34.0 ~ 65.6 | 0.0 ~ 2.0 | 0.2 ~ 1.0 |
| 大豆油 Soybean oil | 8.0 ~ 13.5 | 2.0 ~ 5.4 | 17.0 ~ 30.0 | 48.0 ~ 59.0 | 4.2 ~ 11.0 | 0.1 ~ 0.6 |
| 葵花籽油 Sunflower seed oil | 5.0 ~ 7.6 | 2.7 ~ 6.5 | 14.0 ~ 39.4 | 48.3 ~ 74.0 | 0.0 ~ 0.3 | 0.1 ~ 0.5 |
| 油茶籽油 Camellia oil | 3.9 ~ 14.5 | 0.3 ~ 4.8 | 68.0 ~ 87.0 | 3.8 ~ 14.0 | 0.0 ~ 1.4 | 0.0 ~ 0.5 |
| 芝麻油 Sesame oil | 7.9 ~ 12.0 | 4.5 ~ 6.9 | 34.4 ~ 45.5 | 36.9 ~ 47.9 | 0.2 ~ 1.0 | 0.3 ~ 1.0 |
| 棉籽油 Cottonseed oil | 19.0 ~ 26.4 | 1.5 ~ 3.3 | 13.5 ~ 21.7 | 46.7 ~ 62.2 | 0.0 ~ 0.7 | 0.1 ~ 0.8 |
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