Abstract:

Exploring the association loci and elite alleles with seed vigor traits is the basis for breeding high seed vigor varieties to increase quality of soybean. In this study, 210 pairs of polymorphic SSR markers on the 20 chromosomes of soybean were used to conduct association analysis of phenotypes. Markers on 7 seed vigor related traits identified with 174 soybean varieties were used for standard germination test in northern China for two consecutive years （2018-2019）. The results showed that the phenotypic variation coefficients of the tested varieties ranged from 15.58% to 38.31%. The population was divided into two subgroups, among them 27 SSR loci associated with vigor traits were detected, 60 SSR loci （times） were associated, 24 SSR loci were detected in both years. The explanation rate of phenotypic variation ranged from 2.68% to 23.60%, and Sat-267 had the highest explaining rate of seedling length phenotypic variation （23.60%）. The interpretation rate of phenotypic variation of germination potential explained by Satt250 was 23.15%. The marker Satt311, Satt250, Satt606 and Satt-267 were associated with more than two vigor traits. In this study, 108 elite alleles with positive effect and their corresponding typical carrier materials were obtained, among them, Satt250-217bp had the most significant increase on lateral root length and germination potential. Typical carrier materials Beijiang 1 and Hemong 75 carried the maximum allelic variation for more than two vigor traits.

Key words: soybean （Glycine max L. ）, seedling stage, vigor traits, elite allele