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CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 1349-1356.doi: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021292

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Field resistance of sunflower resources to seed rust spots disease

Jian-feng YANG1(), Rui DUAN1, Wen-bing ZHANG1, Mandela Elorm Addrah1, Xiao-peng YUN2, Jian ZHANG1, Lei DU2, Xiao-jun DUAN3, Bao-yu LIU4, Jun ZHAO1()   

  1. 1.College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China
    2.Institute of Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China
    3.Wuyuan Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center, Bayannur 015100, China
    4.Bayannur Modern Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Development Center, Bayannur 015100, China
  • Received:2021-11-15 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2022-11-24
  • Contact: Jun ZHAO E-mail:746687011@qq.com;Zhaojun02@hotmail.com

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Abstract:

Sunflower seed rust is an emerging disease found in the production in recent years. The disease is characterized by irregular rust spots on sunflower husk. Its occurrence had seriously affected sunflower appearance for seeds serving, and was becoming a bottleneck for sunflower industry. Field experiments were carried out in Urad Qian County and Wuyuan County in Bayannur, Inner Mongolia, China. In these areas, sunflower seeds suffered seriously. The resistance to seed rust spots was evaluated on 44 sunflower cultivars, including 39 confectionery sunflowers and 5 oil sunflowers. Results showed that, among the confectionery sunflowers in Urad Qian County, rate of seed rust spots of Sairui 1 was the lowest （< 25%）. 6 varieties had lower rates between 25% and 50% （such as JK 103, LJ 188, LD 5009, etc.）, the others were more than 50%. Considering the severity levels, 20 varieties were in level 1, but with the disease rate ranging from 17.30% to 88.63%. In Wuyuan County, the disease rate was 61.02% to 99.63%, significantly higher than the same varieties in Urad Qian County, but with lower level. Only 10 varieties were in level 1 such as 3638C. For oil sunflower, 4 varieties were lower than 25%, except for XKS2029. In addition, rust occurrence of the same variety at different sowing times also showed significant differences. For example, for SH361, the rate was 34.49% on the sowing date of May 27th, but 98.47% on June 20th. It indicated that different sowing dates effected the occurrence of seed rust spots.

Key words: sunflower, seed, rust spot, degree of occurrence

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