
Effects of “Three Increase and Three Precision” technology on agronomic characteristics and yield of summer-planting peanut
Ke-ke LIU, Feng GUO, Jian-guo WANG, Jia-lei ZHANG, Shu-bo WAN
CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6) : 1312-1319.
Effects of “Three Increase and Three Precision” technology on agronomic characteristics and yield of summer-planting peanut
In order to achieve high yield of summer-planting peanut, on the basis of years of research, our team created a high-yield cultivation technology of “Three Increase and Three Precision” for summer-planting peanut: Increase accumulated temperature by watering after sowing; Increase the density to expand the group; Increase the application of calcium fertilizer to promote pod filled completely; Precision fertilization by phased nitrogen supply; Precision sowing by planting seed orientation; Precision regulation by “three prevention and three promotion”. In order to verify the effects of “Three Increase and Three Precision” technology on the population quality optimization and yield increasing of summer-planting peanut, eight treatments were set up, including CK (Control), I1 (Watering after sowing), I2 (Increasing density), I3 (Increasing calcium fertilizer application), P1 (Phased nitrogen supply), P2 (Seed orientation planting), P3 (Three control and three promotion) and TT (Three increase and three precision), to study their effects on the agronomic characters and yield composition of summer-planting Peanut. The results showed that compared with other treatments, the emergence stage of “Three Increase and Three Precision” technology system was 3 days earlier than that of the control because it integrated the advantages of “Watering after sowing” and “Seed orientation planting”, and the emergence rate was also increased by 5.90%. Besides that, it also inhibited main stem elongation, promoted lateral branch differentiation, and increased the number of branches by 12.90% compared with the control. The green leaf number of main stem was increased by 16.84%, which was conducive to the construction of ideal plant type. Compared with control, it could significantly increase the activity of protective enzymes in mature leaves, the activities of SOD, POD and CAT increased by 17.44%, 14.54% and 34.82%, respectively, while the content of MDA decreased by 15.61%, which effectively alleviate leaf aging. The number of harvested plants increased by 15.35% compared with control; the number of full pods per plant and the pods weight per plant by 54.07%, 47.06%, and 55.35% respectively compared with control, resulting in a significant increase of 79.06% in pod yield, and the actual acceptance yield was 619.31kg/667m2, created the record of summer-planting production. In conclusion, the high-yield cultivation technology of “Three Increase and Three Precision” of summer-planting peanut can fully tap the production potential of summer-planting peanut according to the growth characteristics of wheat stubble, which is beneficial to achieve high yield.
peanut / summer-planting / Three Increase / Three Precision / agronomic traits / yield {{custom_keyword}} /
Table 1 Effect of different cultivation methods on the date and rate of peanut emergence表1 不同栽培方式对花生出苗日期和出苗率的影响 |
处理 Treatment | 出苗日期 Emergence date | 出苗率 Emergence rate /% |
---|---|---|
CK | 2022.06.22 | 91.34bc |
I1 | 2022.06.20 | 90.28c |
I2 | 2022.06.22 | 92.76b |
I3 | 2022.06.22 | 93.72b |
P1 | 2022.06.22 | 92.48b |
P2 | 2022.06.21 | 95.62a |
P3 | 2022.06.22 | 92.33b |
TT | 2022.06.19 | 96.75a |
Table 2 Differences of plant traits at maturation stage of different treatments表2 不同处理花生成熟期植株性状差异 |
处理 Treatment | 主茎高 Main stem height /cm | 侧枝长 Lateral branch length /cm | 分枝数 Branch number | 主茎节数 Node number of main stem | 主茎绿叶数 Leaf number of main stem | 叶面积指数 Leaf area index |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 52.57b | 55.98ab | 9.30b | 19.10b | 9.50b | 3.33d |
I1 | 53.78a | 57.52a | 9.40b | 18.90b | 9.60b | 3.41d |
I2 | 54.50a | 58.25a | 10.00a | 20.70a | 10.50a | 3.57c |
I3 | 53.25ab | 56.34ab | 10.30a | 20.90a | 10.70a | 3.68b |
P1 | 50.26c | 53.42b | 10.30a | 21.00a | 10.60a | 3.61bc |
P2 | 53.87a | 57.23a | 10.50a | 20.90a | 10.80a | 3.72ab |
P3 | 54.21a | 57.38a | 10.10a | 20.70a | 11.00a | 3.81a |
TT | 53.45ab | 56.28ab | 10.50a | 20.80a | 11.10a | 3.85a |
Table3 Effects of different treatments on yield composition of peanut表3 不同处理对花生产量构成的影响 |
处理 Treatment | 单株秕果数 Blighted pod number per plant | 单株饱果数 Full pod number per plant | 单株结果数 Pod number per plant | 单株果重 Pod weight per plant /g | 千克果数 Pod number per kilogram | 实收株数 Paid-in plant number /(ten thousand plants/hm2) | 荚果产量 Pod yield /(kg/hm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 5.00c | 8.50c | 13.50d | 26.81d | 503.87b | 19.28c | 5188.05f |
I1 | 5.20c | 9.20b | 14.40cd | 29.12c | 496.56bc | 19.16c | 5604.75e |
I2 | 5.80c | 8.40c | 14.20d | 26.86d | 511.34a | 21.33b | 5741.7e |
I3 | 6.20bc | 8.90bc | 15.10c | 28.46cd | 500.53b | 21.56ab | 6159.75d |
P1 | 6.60b | 9.30b | 15.90bc | 32.11b | 496.81bc | 21.27b | 6807.3c |
P2 | 6.50b | 9.20b | 15.70bc | 31.42bc | 503.25b | 22.02a | 6906.45bc |
P3 | 7.30ab | 9.50b | 16.80b | 33.64b | 494.28c | 21.29b | 7149.75ab |
TT | 8.30a | 12.50a | 20.80a | 41.65a | 491.47c | 22.24a | 9289.65a |
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