PDF(1356 KB)
Distribution of blackleg disease on oilseed rape in China and its pathogen identification
LI Qiang-sheng, RONG Song-bai§, HU Bao-cheng*, JIANG Ying-fen, HOU Shu-min, FEI Wei-xin, CHEN Feng-xiang, WU Xin-jie, FAN Zhi-xiong, LEI Wei-xia
CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES ›› 2013, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (4) : 415.
PDF(1356 KB)
PDF(1356 KB)
Distribution of blackleg disease on oilseed rape in China and its pathogen identification
Surveys for stem canker/blackleg on oilseed rape (Brassica napus) were conducted from 60 locations throughout 16 provinces in China covering both winter and spring oilseed rape production regions during 2008 to 2012. Diseased plants were found in 42 locations from 14 provinces. One tenth of the plots were found to be blackleg-infested with up to 92% occurrence and 5% of plant death in the most severely affected plots. The disease symptom of plant was the same as that infested by Leptosphaeria biglobosa in Europe and North America. The morphological characteristics of ascospores released from pseudothecia were consistent with the description in the literature. The infected plants or plant debris with blackleg symptoms were collected and the causal fungus was isolated from the lesions. In the purified isolates, yellow to yellow brown or pink brown pigments were produced in PDA medium, which was the same to the control of L. biglobosa from Poland. Multiple PCR were used to identify 348 isolates out of 550 isolates and 468 diseased debris samples. A 440bp L. biglobosa production was detected. In vivo cotyledon inoculation results showed that all the 22 isolates tested from 11 provinces were pathogenic to B. napus and had higher pathogenicity than the control of Polish L. biglobosa isolate PL-Lb except CN-21from Hailer, Inner Mongolia. Among them, 14 were highly pathogenic and 8 were moderately pathogenic. The study indicated that blackleg caused by L. biglobosa had already existed in China and caused serious yield loss in some areas. Fortunately, no aggressive L. maculans was found. Thus a strategy to prevent L. maculans spread onto oilseed rape crops in China was suggested.
Oilseed rape / Leptosphaeria biglobosa / China / Distribution / Multiple PCR / Pathogenicity {{custom_keyword}} /
[1] Fitt B D L, Brun H, Barbetti M J, et al. World-wide importance of phoma stem canker (Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa) on oilseed rape (Brassica napus) [J]. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2006, 114, 3-15.
[2] Fitt B D L, Evans N, Howlett B J, et al. Sustainable strategies for managing Brassica napus resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) [M]. Springer, Dordrecht, Netherlands, 2006.126.
[3] Rimmer S R, van den Berg C G J. Blackleg (phoma stem canker)[A]. Rimmer S R, Shattuck V I, Buchwaldt L, eds. Compendium of Brassica Diseases [C]. St Paul, MN, USA: APS Press, 2007.19–22.
[4] Fitt B D L, Hu B C, Li Z Q, et al. Strategies to prevent spread of Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) onto oilseed rape crops in China; costs and benefits [J]. Plant Pathology, 2008, 57（4）: 652-664.
[5] Howlett B J. Current knowledge of the interaction between Brassica napus and Leptosphaeria maculans [J]. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 2004, 26(3):245-252.
[6] Salisbury P A, Ballinger D J, Wratten N, et al. Blackleg disease on oilseed Brassica in Australia: a review. [J]. Australia Journal of Experimental Agriculture, 1995, 35(5):665-672.
[7] Evans N, Baierl A, Semenov M A, et al. Range and severity of a plant disease increased by global warming [J]. Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 2008, 5(22):525-531.
[8] Gugel R K, Petrie G A. History, occurrence, impact and control of blackleg of rapeseed [J]. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 1992, 14(1):36-45.
[9] Rouxel T, Balesdent M H. The stem canker (blackleg) fungus, Leptosphaeria maculans, enters the genomic era[J]. Molecular Plant Pathology, 2005, 6(3): 225–241.
[10] Shoemaker R A, Brun H. The teleomorph of the weakly aggressive segregate of Leptosphaeria maculans [J]. Canadian Journal of Botany, 2001, 79: 412–419.
[11] Williams R H, Fitt B D L. Differentiating A and B groups of Leptosphaeria maculans, causal agent of stem canker (blackleg) of oilseed rape [J]. Plant Patholog, 1999, 48(2): 161–175.
[12] Zhou Y, Fitt B D L, Wleham S J, et al. Effects of severity and timing of stem canker (Leptosphaeria maculans) symptoms on yield of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) in the UK [J]. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 1999,105(7): 715-728.
[13] West J S, Kharbanda P D, Barbetti M J, et al. Epidemiology and management of Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) on oilseed rape in Australia, Canada and Europe [J]. Plant Pathology, 2001, 50(1): 10-27.
[14] Fitt B D L, Huang Y J, van den Bosch F, et al. Coexistence of related pathogen species on arable crops in space and time [J]. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 2006, 44: 163-182.
[15] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局《关于进口油菜籽实施紧急检疫措施的公告》（总局2009年第101号公告）[EB].
[16] West J S, Evans N, Liu S, et al. Leptosphaeria maculans causing stem canker of oilseed rape in China [J]. Plant Pathology, 2000, 49(6): 800.
[17] 刘 泽, 李强生, Hall A M, et al. 油菜黑胫病原真菌的分离与鉴定[A].中国植物病理学会2008年学术年会论文集[C].2008:172-176.
[18] 郝丽芬, 宋培玲,李子钦,等. 油菜黑胫病菌（Leptosphaeria biglobosa）生物学特性研究[J]. 中国油料作物学报,2012,34(4:419-424.
[19] Humpherson-Jones F M. The occurrence of virulent pathotypes of Leptosphaeria maculans in brassica seed crops in England [J]. Plant Pathology, 1986, 35(2): 224–231.
[20] Hammond K E, Lewis B G, Musa T M. A systemic pathway in the infection of oilseed rape plants by Leptosphaeria maculans [J]. Plant Pathology 1985, 34(4): 557–565.
[21] Paul V H, Rawlinson C J. Diseases and pests of rape. [M]. Gelsenkirchen-Buer: Verlag Th. Mann, 1992.
[22] 刘 泽.农作物病害研究之--油菜黑胫病害[N].光明日报出版社,2009.
[23] Huang Y J, Toscano-Underwood C, Fitt B D L, et al. Effects of temperature on germination and hyphal growth from ascospores of A-group and B-group Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker of oilseed rape) [J]. Annals of Applied Biology,2001, 139(2):193 – 207.
[24] Dellaporta S L,Wood J,Hicks J B. A plant molecular DNA minipreparation version Ⅱ［J］. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter,1983,1(4):19-21.
[25] Liu S Y, Liu Z, Fitt B D L, et al. Resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans (phoma stem canker) in Brassica napus (oilseed rape) induced by L. biglobosa and chemical defence activators in field and controlled environments [J]. Plant Pathology, 2006, 55(3): 401-412.
[26] Kutch H R, van den Berg C G J, Rimmer S R. Variation in pathogenicity of Leptosphaeria maculans on Brassica spp. based on cotyledon and stem reactions [J]. Canadian Journal of Pathology, 1993, 15(4): 253–258.
[27] Mengistu A, Rimmer R S, Williams P H. Protocols for in vitro sporulation, ascospore release, sexual mating, and fertility in crosses of Leptosphaeria maculans [J]. Plant Disease, 1993, 77(5): 538-540.
[28] Li H, Barbetti M J, Sivasithamparam K. Concomitant inoculation of an avirulent strain of Leptosphaeria maculans prevents break-down of a single dominant gene-based resistance in Brassica napus cv. Surpass 400 by a virulent strain[J]. Field Crops Research, 2006, 95(2-3): 206-211.
[29] Koch E, Song K, Osborn T C and Williams P W. Relationship between pathogenicity and phylogeny based on restriction fragment length polymorphism Leptosphaeria maculans [J]. Mol Plant Microbe Interact, 1991, 4(4):341-349.
[30] http//www.botany.unimelb.edu.au/blackleg/currentres/fung path.html.
[31] Williams P H, Delwiche P A. Screeing for resistance to blackleg of crucifers in the seeding atage[A]. Cruciferae 1979, Preceeding of Eucarpia Conference[C]. Wageningen, Netherlands, 1979.164-170
[32] Toscano-Underwood C, Huang Y J, Fitt B D L, et al. Effects of temperature on maturation of pseudothecia of Leptosphaeria maculans and L. biglobosa on oilseed rape stem debris [J]. Plant Pathology, 2003, 52(6):726–736.
[33] Huang Y J, Fitt B D L, Jedryczka M et al. Patterns of ascospores release in relation to phoma stem canker epidemiology in England（Leptosphaeria maculans）and Poland （L. biglobosa）[J]. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2005,111(3):263-277.
[34] 蔡 翔,王转红,李国庆,等.湖北省油菜黑胫病的田间调查和病原鉴定[C].中国植物病理学会2011年学术年会论文集,2011.71.
[35] 周国梁,尚琳琳,于 翠,等.进境油菜籽中黑胫病菌和茎基溃疡病菌的检测 [J]. 植物保护学报,2010,37（4）:289-294.
[36] 王振华,赵 晖,宋 祺,等.加拿大进境油菜籽加工过程中油菜茎基溃疡病菌的检测与鉴定[J].植物检疫,2010,24(6): 25-26.
PDF(1356 KB)
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
