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  • Construction of the BAC library of Brassica napus-Chinese Xinjiang wild rape (Sinapis arvensis) disomic alien addition line
    CHEN Shu-yuan, CHAO Jin-quan, §, XU You-ming, WANG Tai-xia, YAN Xiao-hong, WANG Li-jun, HU Qiong, WEI Wen-hui＊
    2008, 30(2): 137-142.
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    Brassica napus-Xinjiang wild rape Sinapis arvensis disomic alien addition line, carrying restoring gene, has a complete chromosome set of Brassica napus and a chromosome pair of Sinapis arvensis, its bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) library has been constructed with CopyControl™ pCC1BAC™ (Hind Ⅲ Cloning-Ready) Vector. This BAC library consists of 69,120 clones. From the analysis of randomly selected BAC clones, the average insert is estimated about 110kb. It is reported that the Brassica napus haploid genome size is 1.2×109bp, the library represents about 6.336×haploid genome equivalents. The insert is stable in a hundred generations, which provides a 99.82% probability of finding any specific genes. The results indicate that this BAC library has high quality with high coverage，it is sufficient for the target gene isolation as well as for the research of Brassica napus and Xinjiang wild rape genomes.
    • 土肥植保
  • 土肥植保
    Genetic analysis of N absorption and utilization of rapeseednapus. L
    ZUO Qing-song, SHI Jian-fei, YUAN Quan, LENG Suo-hu,
    2008, 30(2): 143-147.
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    Through testing seed yield, total nitrogen, and nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUEg) of four parents and their F1 combinations from 4×4 complete double allele crosses, the main results were summarized as follows: ① F1 combinations had significant superiority over high-parent and heterosis in the total nitrogen and NUEg. ②Total nitrogen, and NUEg were likely affected by cytoplasm from the results of T-testing among F1 reciprocal crosses. ③The direct path coefficient of the total nitrogen (0.8937) and NUEg (0.1864) indicated the total nitrogen had greater effect on seed yield than NUEg. ④ there was significant correlation between NUEg and seed yield, the total nitrogen, harvest index (HI) , nitrogen harvest index (NHI) and the number of pods. Therefore, these traits could be used as reference in NUEg evaluation and selection.

    • 遗传育种
  • 遗传育种
    Grey relational analysis between Lodging index and Biochemistry Components of stem, agronomic characteristics in rapeseed (Brassica napus L)
    LIU Tang-xing1，2,GUAN Chun-yun1﹡
    2008, 30(2): 152-161.
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    Relationship between Lodging index and Biochemistry Components of stem, agronomic characters were analyzed by Grey relational analysis after comparing 9 rapeseed varieties. The results showed that content of coarse fiber, carbon content, dry weight/fresh weight of cortex of root colla, plant height, length of main inflorescence have stronger grey correlation with lodging index than other traits. The result of between lodging index and dry weight/fresh weight of rhizome cortex is significant correlated. Zhongshuang No.9 is a lodging-resistant line, its content of coarse fiber, lignin content, protein content and nitrogen content were 0.763,1.189,1.456,1.46 times of those in Xiangzayou No.2, which is not a lodging-resistant line. Zhongshuang No.9 shows stronger growth characteristics on Maturity stage, and it is a variety with compact plant architecture, moderate plant height, shorter main inflorescence, lower branch height, greater
  • 遗传育种
    Leaf evolution of soybean cultivars in Jilin province
    ZHENG Hong-bing1, WANG Xi-hua2, DENG Chuan3 , LIU Wu-ren1 , ZHENG Jin-yu1 , ZHAO Hong-xiang1 , LI Da-yong 1,
    ,YANG Guang-yu1 , LU Jing-mei 4
    2008, 30(2): 179-184.
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    The objective of this study was to examine the structural adaptation and evolutionary characteristics of soybean leaf in Jilin province. 30 soybean cultivars were chosen for our study and these cultivars were popular during 1923 – 2005. Results showed that soybean yield significantly increased linearly with cultivar improvement over time. According to calculation from the regression equation, yield was improvement from 1197.80kg•ha-1 in 1923 to 2305.545 kg•ha-1in 2005 , On average the yield increased14.60kg•ha-1(1.12%) per year(Fig.7). Leaf area per plant, number of leaf, length width ratio and LAI increased with year of release, though leaflet area decreased with year of release. Comparing to the old cultivars, the new cultivars had greater leaf area in growth stage and longer green leaf stage at last growth stage. Analysis of correlation coefficients indicated a significant positive correlation between yield and leaf area per plant, leaf area index, and a positive correlation between yield and number of leaf at R2 and R4. This study suggested a close relationship between yield and traits of leaf, therefore, some traits of leaf should be included as key indicators on breeding and selection of high yield cultivars.
    • 栽培生理
  • 栽培生理
    Study on effective nutrient area of soybean.
    HAN Bing-Jin1，JIN Jian1，Guo Liang2，Li Li-li2，NAKASHIMA Hiroshi3
    2008, 30(2): 201-205.
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    Based on the theory of crop’s effective nutrient area, an experiment was conducted from 2001 to 2004 to identify whether the ridge width was suitable for soybean production. The results showed that the effective nutrient area of soybean was 2210～4500 cm2, i.e. the effective ridge width was 47.0～67.1 cm in the Central and South of Heilongjiang province. Moreover, in the central region of this province, the effective nutrient area was 2210～4025 cm2，i.e. the effective ridge width was 47.0～63.0 cm; and in the south region, the effective nutrient area was 3838～44500 cm2 cm2，i.e. the effective ridge width was 61.9～67.1 cm,. These results indicated that the effective nutrient area of soybean in the south region was greater than that in the central region. Therefore, the 67～70 cm of ridge width in the present farming system has exceeded the effective ridge width, which may have wasted soil resources. It is suggested that 55 cm of the row width of soybean should be beneficial in increasing population yield, especially in the Central and South of Heilongjiang province. This theory provided a scientific support for the increasing area of narrow ridge farming system in the North of Heilongjiang province.
  • 栽培生理
    Environmental effect on yield and quality of high-oil soybean

    Feng Lijuan1 ,Zhu Hongde*1 , Yu Hongjiu2
    2008, 30(2): 206-211.
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    The effects of variety, density, fertilizer levels and sowing date on the high-oil soybean yield and quality were studied in field experiment. In this research, oil content, protein content and total content of protein and oil of high-oil soybean were determined mainly by genetic factors, and second by sowing date. Fertilizer level had greater effect on high-oil soybean yield. Among the factors which affected 17 amino acids, Ser, Cys and Met contents were affected more by their genetic factors; other 14 amino acids and the total amino acid contents were affected mainly by sowing date. All fatty acid contents were controlled mostly by their genetic factors.

    • 土肥植保
  • 土肥植保
    Nutrients effect of N P K Mg and S on yield in rapeseed (Brassic napus L)
    WANG Rui-qing，YANG Guo-zheng* ，LU Li-juan ，
    YAO Yan-li ，SONG Zheng ，SHI Qian-sha ，PENG Yun-lei
    2008, 30(2): 212-217.
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    By using mixes-uniform design, a field trial on the effect of N P K Mg and S on the yield of rapeseed (Brassica napus L var Zhongyouza No.11) was conducted. The results indicated that the nutrients had significant (p＜5%) effect on rapeseed yield with the sequence of S(χ5）> N(χ1) > K2O(χ3) > P2O5(χ2) > MgO(χ4). The yield was also affected by the interaction of χ2 and χ5, which was higher after applied either more P and fewer S or more S and fewer P was applied.. With aimed seed yield of 3000kg/ha, the optimum fertilizers rate was 255.78-259.01kg/ha of N, 129.87-131.50 kg/ha of P2O5, 127.51-130.08 kg/ha of K2O, 7.40-7.74 kg/ha of MgO and 1.96-2.06 kg/ha of S. The path-analysis indicated that the sequence of the impact on rapeseed yield was pods number per unit area (0.811) > grain number per pod (0.422) > 1000-grain weight (0.311).
  • 土肥植保
    Study on effect of nitrogen application and recommendation of optimal N application for rapeseed in Hubei
    LI Yin–shui1, LU Jian-wei1*, ZOU Juan1, HUANG He-ping2, YU Yong2
    2008, 30(2): 218-223.
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    15 field trials were carried out to study the response to nitrogen (N) and the optimal result from N application were recommended for rapeseed in Hubei province. The results showed that N application significantly increased both rapeseed yield and profit. Yield increment ranged from 402kg/hm2 to 2759kg/hm2, the average increment was 1270kg/hm2. This was a 133.0 percent increase compared with the control which has no N application. The average net profit of N application was 3403Yuan/hm2 and the value cost ratio (VCR) was 6.00. The average partial factor productivity of applied N (PFPN) and agronomic N use efficiency (ANUE) were 17.6kg/kg N and 8.0kg/kg N respectively. According to fertilizer response equations, the economical N application rates were 120.1kg/hm2 to 325.4 kg/hm2, with the average rates 199.6kg/hm2. The result indicated that the economical N application rates had significant negative correlation with soil available N level and the correlation coefficient (r) was 0.7734 (n=12). The economical N application rates of rapeseed can be obtained through the equation y=553.72- 74.699Ln(x) (y is applied rate of N and x is soil available N content.) in Hubei Province.
  • 土肥植保
    Identification of the SMV resistance assessment and
    assisted selection SSR markers in soybean
    TENG Wei-li1, LI Wen-bin1*, HAN Ying-peng1,
    QIU Li-juan2 , GUAN Rong-xia2, CHANG Ru-zhen2
    2008, 30(2): 224-228.
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    70 soybean germplasms were screened for SMV resistance by the inoculation of SMV1 and SMV3 strains, and the coincident rate of plant resistance to SMV and relevant molecular markers were evaluated by using soybean germplasm. By artificial inoculating SMV1 and SMV3, the results showed that out of these 70 germplasms, 17 were resistant to SMV1 and SMV3, 9 were resistant to SMV1 or SMV3, And 44 were susceptible to SMV1 and SMV3. Two SSR markers related to SMV3 resistance from Zhongxuan95-5117×HB1 were used to screen 70 soybean germplasms. The coincident rate of Satt114 and Satt362 with the resistant presence was 82.4% and 68.8% respectively. Six SSR markers related to SMV1 resistance from Hefeng25×Dongnong93-046 were used to screen the 70 soybean germplasm. The coincident rate of HSP176 with the resistant presence was 82.8%. The average coincident rate of Satt114, Satt510 and Satt334 with the resistant presence was over 70%. The above markers related to SMV1 and SMV3 resistance were available for the marker assisted selection for SMV resistant soybeans. Phenogram was constructed by using an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetical averages（UPGMA） for the classification of the 70 soybean germplasms. These 70 germplasm were grouped as I: resistant group and II: susceptible group.
    • 研究简报
  • 研究简报
    Study of male sterile lines derived from intergeneric hybrids between Sinapis arvensis L. and Brassica napus L.
    ZHENG Zhuo1，3，LI Jian2，ZHONG Jun3，LI Xun3，*，GUAN Chun-yun3
    2008, 30(2): 242-245.
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    Abstract：Intergeneric hybrids between Sinapis arvensis（Yeyou2000-1）and Brassica napus var. Parol were produced by bud-pollination .The hybrids were amost sterile and only a few F2 seeds were harvested under the natural condition. A male sterile plant 200210-1 showing no pollen release upon flowering was selected from F2 population after open pollination. Using Parol as a recurrent parent to pollinate the male sterile plant, the ratio between male fertile and sterile plants was 1﹕1 in BC1 、BC2 and BC3 generations. All except one F1 progenies from test crosses using restorer and maintainer lines of Polima and 681 CMS， maintainer line of recessive male genic sterility 86A and other 33 B. napus varieties or lines showed fertility segregation with the ratio of 5﹕3 in 20 combinations， 1﹕1 in14 combinations and 3﹕1 in 3 combinations; and the progeny of one male sterile combination became fertile. All these results indicated that the male sterility of 200210-1 most likely were dominant male genic sterility.
  • 研究简报
    The effect of toxin from Fusarium oxysporum on defense enzyme activities in soybean root
    Tai Lianmei1,Xu Yanli2,Yan Fengyun1
    2008, 30(2): 249-251.
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    The effect of toxin from Fusarium oxysporum on defense enzyme activities was studies in different varieties of soybean. The result showed that the changes in activities of PAL, POD and PPO in cell were similar. All of them were increased rapidly at the beginning of treatment, and the increasing rate slowed down gradually over time. The peak of PAL, POD and PPO activity in resistant variety appeared later than those in susceptible one, and these enzyme in resistant variety had higher level activities.
  • The Progress of RNAi in Plant
    MA Jian, LIU Yi─ling, WANG Pi-Wu
    2008, 30(2): 252-259.
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    Introduction of double—stranded RNA(dsRNA)into cells can induce specific mRNA degradation，This process is called RNA interference(RNAi)．During the past 10 years, tremendous progress has been made in revealing the underlying mechanism of RNAi and related silencing responses. RNAi has become a powerful research tool in regulating the expression of target genes for expected or desirable phenotypes． In this article，the mechanism of RNAi has been described and summarized，and the application of RANi in plant functional genomics has also been reviewed。

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