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Advantage of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in land use and conservation and its application for winter fallow field Man-li ZHAO, Zhi-gang DAI, Chi-ming GU, Wen-shi HU, Yin-shui LI, Lu QIN, Ming-xing LU, Xing LIAO CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (6): 1139-1147.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2022221 Abstract （430）   HTML （19）    PDF （1149KB）（201）       Knowledge map    Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is an important oil crop which has the largest planting area in China. In recent years however, several factors, such as labour shortage, low planting benefit and motivation of farmers, lead to expansion of winter fallow field year by year. This present paper studied its greater advantages of rapeseed on land use and conservation, mainly including its ability of optimizing soil structure, increasing soil nutrients (as green manure), and improving soil fertility. Meanwhile, due to its superior adaptability to environment, oilseed rape could apply as pioneer crop to amending the obstacle soil, and thus the natural resources (light, heat, water, and soil) in winter could be efficiently utilized. Winter oilseed rape does not compete with grain for land use and has the greatest potential to exploit winter fallow field for both benefiting the subsequent crops and taking full of its advantage in land conservation. It is of great significance to promote high yield of grain and oil, in order to ensure both security of edible oil supply and sustainable agricultural development in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Tigernut industry in China: current status of development, potential and adaptive suggestions Xiang-dong YANG, Zi-yong LI CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (4): 712-717.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021304 Abstract （375）   HTML （7）    PDF （454KB）（209）       Knowledge map    Tigernut (Cyperus esculentus L.) received increasing attention in recent years because of its comprehensive utilization potentials. As a new source of food, vegetative oil, feed for the consumption of humans and livestock, it accumulates great nutrients including oil, starch, sugars, protein, dietary fibers etc. in its underground tubers. The aboveground grass could also be utilized as high-quality forage for livestock. As a multi-purpose crop originated in the desert area, tigernut has the characteristics of wide adaptability, higher biomass yield and value added chain, and shows great potential for the verstile applications in agricultural and industrial sectors. Abundant marginal land with sandy texture provides a basis for the development of tigernut industry in China. Currently, foundation of tigernut industry has been established in China, and the essentials of the industrial chain are also in place. The present paper reviewed the characteristics and utilization of tigernut as a cultivated crop in China, and analyzed its current status of research and industrial development. Potential, problems and adaptive suggestions related to the industry were also discussed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress on WRI1 regulation of plant oil biosynthesis Long-fei JIN, Li-xia ZHOU, Hong-xing CAO, Yao-dong YANG CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (4): 687-698.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021177 Abstract （372）   HTML （67）    PDF （1143KB）（372）       Knowledge map    Oil is the main energy storage substance and an important membrane component of plant. Oil is also involved in the signal transduction, stomatal opening and closing, pollination and fertilization, seed germination, and stress response. WRINKLED 1 (WRI1), a member of the AP2 transcription factor family, is master regulator in transcriptional control of plant oil biosynthesis. This paper reviewed recent advances in regulatory mechanism of WRI1 on plant oil biosynthesis, including (1) the discovery, origin, and evolutionary characteristics of WRI1; (2) gene expression characteristics, gene structure, protein structure, and promoter cis-acting elements of WRI1; (3) regulation mechanism of transcription level and translation level, and downstream target genes of WRI1; (4) the future research direction and application prospects. This review is expected to provide a reference for further understanding the molecular mechanism of WRI1 regulating plant oil synthesis, and also provide a theoretical basis for improving oil crops with WRI1. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Genetic improvement and application of resistance to clubroot in male parent of Brassica napus hybrid Shengguang 168 Mei XIONG, Guang-sheng YANG, Deng-feng HONG, Zhao-yang WANG CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (6): 1182-1189.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021260 Abstract （357）   HTML （5）    PDF （1403KB）（66）       Knowledge map    To improve rapeseed resistance to clubroot, Huashuang 5R （carrying PbBa8.1 locus） and Huayouza 62R （carrying CRb locus） were used as donor parents for transferring resistant genes into Y522R. The strategy was combined with successive backcross and marker-assisted selection. By the process, 3 near isogenic lines Y522R PbBa8.1, Y522R CRb and Y522R PbBa8.1+CRb （containing PBba8.1, CRb, and PbBa8.1+CRb respectively） were obtained, with more than 90% genetic background recover rate. Subsequently, 3 clubroot resistant new hybrids Shengguang 168CR PbBa8.1, Shengguang 168CR CRb and Shengguang 168CR PbBa8.1+CRb were derived from these near isogenic lines and RG430A （female parent of Shengguang 168）. The clubroot resistance of the above lines （as Y522R PbBa8.1, Y522R CRb, Y522R PbBa8.1+CRb,Shengguang 168CR PbBa8.1, Shengguang 168CR CRb and Shengguang 168CR PbBa8.1+CRb ） was identified by using Race 4 （the dominant physiological race in China）. Results showed that Y522R CRb, Y522R PbBa8.1+CRb and their hybrids （Shengguang 168CR CRb and Shengguang 168CR PbBa8.1+CRb ） had immunity to Race 4. Although Y522R PbBa8.1 and hybrid Shengguang 168CR PbBa8.1 were susceptible to Race 4, their levels of the resistance were still significantly higher than those of the control （Y522R and Shengguang 168）. Evaluation of agronomic traits showed that no significant differences were observed between the improved lines and Y522R, neither between the improved hybrids and Shengguang 168. The traits included flowering days, plant height, effective branches, silique length, seeds per silique and thousand seeds weight. Thus laid an important foundation for cultivation of excellent rape varieties resistant to clubroot. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current situation of soybean production and consumption in China and strategies to improve self-sufficiency rate Lu-lu LIU, Jian-fei LI, Yue SHU, xiao-yang CHEN, Gui-xiang TANG CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (2): 242-248.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2022015 Abstract （334）   HTML （22）    PDF （475KB）（459）       Knowledge map    Low self-sufficiency rate and the higher foreign dependence rate of about 87% have seriously threatened the soybean safety in China. In recent years, with the changes of the international situation and the COVID-19 epidemic, soybean production, processing and consumption in China have attracted more attention at home and abroad. China unveiled "No. 1 central document" proposed a soybean revitalization plan in 2019, putting forward the goal of "one expansion and two improvements" to strengthen the competitiveness of China's soybean industry in the international agricultural market. This paper reviewed the current situation of soybean production, processing, trade and consumption in China in recent years, and upgraded strategies to enhance China's soybean industry and enhanced the self-sufficiency rate according to China's national conditions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and sodium nitratol on photosynthetic characteristics and yield quality in southern soybean Qing-nan HAO, Fang YANG, Ai-ai WANG, Ze-fu LONG, Zhong-lu YANG, Hai-feng CHEN, Zhi-hui SHAN, Jun-bo DENG, Xin-an ZHOU CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (3): 610-620.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021091 Abstract （331）   HTML （3）    PDF （4789KB）（95）       Knowledge map    In order to clarify the effects of different compounding of sodium nitrophenolate and nitrogen levels on soybean growth, and promote the practical application of new regulators to determine the cultivation and management measures. Five south main soybean varieties were used as experimental materials to study the effects of different concentration gradient of compounding of sodium nitrophenolate and nitrogen levels spraying on soybean photosynthetic physiological characteristics, yield and quality by field experiments. The effects of compounding of sodium nitrophenolate and nitrogen on photosynthetic characteristics yield and quality of soybean were analyzed by measuring leaf chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration in the early flowering stage (R1) and granulation stage (R5). The experiment was carried out in a field-split plot design with three replicates, five nitrogen treatments and three experiment areas. The results showed that SPAD value, net photosynthetic rate, effective pod number per plant, grain weight per plant, other yield components, and the yield of South China soybean varieties were increased under the application of nitrogen. In addition, the yield of You 6019, Zhongdou 44, Zhongdou 41 and Zhongdou 63 were increased under the combination of nitrogenous fertilizer and sodium nitrophenolate, but fat and protein levels did not change much. The yield of Wandou 28 was not increased, but the fat and protein content were increased. After nitrogen treatment, there was a positive correlation between yield and quality of You 6019. In conclusion, the combined spraying of nitrogen fertilizer and sodium nitrophenol has the potential to further synergically improve the yield and quality of soybean varieties in southern China. However, due to the different effects on different varieties, the best treatment plan should be developed for different soybean varieties with different genotypes. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evolution analysis of main agronomic traits, yield, quality and resistance of soybean varieties released in Jiangsu Province from 1982 to 2021 Yao XU, Su-feng LENG, Yu-ming ZHANG, Jin-hua SONG, Ke ZHAO CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (4): 780-789.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021190 Abstract （313）   HTML （2）    PDF （2453KB）（130）       Knowledge map    In order to accelerate soybean varieties improvement, this study analyzed the evolution of main agronomic traits, yield, quality and resistance of 101 soybean varieties (including 60 Huaibei varieties and 41 Huainan varieties) released in Jiangsu Province from 1982 to 2021. The results showed that plant height and node number of released varieties decreased with the year, and pods per plant, 100-seed weight increased with the year extremely significantly. Among them, the plant height of Huaibei varieties showed a extremely significant decrease. The yield of released varieties increased extremely significantly with the year of an average annual improvement of 21.08 kg·hm-2, and R2 greater than 0.600, showing an obvious ascending linear relationship. The protein content and oil content increased with the year, and the total protein and oil content increased significantly. Among them, the protein content, the total protein and oil content of Huaibei varieties increased extremely significantly. Correlation analysis found that yield appeared extremely significant negative correlation with growth periods, node number and pod height, significant negative correlation with plant height, but appeared extremely significant positive correlation with total protein and oil content, significant positive correlation with protein content, oil content and 100-seed weight. It means the reasonable shortening the growth period, reducing node number, plant height and podding height could promote yield, and the positive correlation between yield and quality could provide an effective way to high yield and quality soybean breeding. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress in nutritional property of Torreya grandis kernel oil Zhe-bin LI CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (6): 1166-1172.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2022038 Abstract （305）   HTML （5）    PDF （463KB）（53）       Knowledge map    Torreya grandis kernel oil has abundant unsaturated fatty acid and is rich in tocopherol, squalene, β-sitosterol and other active substances. Furthermore, T. grandis kernel oil has antioxidative, hypolipidemic, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-parasitic and other bioactivities. It is considered to be a kind of woody edible oil with high nutritional value. From these aspects of nutrient compositions, physicochemical properties and bioactivities of T. grandis kernel oil, the research on T. grandis kernel oil at home and abroad for the past few years were reviewed. It aims to provide theoretical reference for the further research of T. grandis kernel oil and its comprehensive utilization, and its future research priorities were prospected. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preliminary study on Songyou 2 for oilseeds and cruciferous vegetable Cheng CUI, Hao-jie LI, Jin-fang ZHANG, Ben-chuan ZHENG, Liang CHAI, Jun JIANG, Ka ZHANG, Hai-yan QIN, Zai-yun LI, Liang-cai JIANG CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (5): 973-980.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021223 Abstract （298）   HTML （3）    PDF （1805KB）（118）       Knowledge map    The additional lines of Brassica napus with one specific chromosome of the medicinal plant songlan （Isatis indigotica） showed particular antiviral activity, but the nutrients, yield of bolts （vegetable parts）, and comprehensive benefits remain to study. In this study, antiviral addition line Songyou 1 （used as paternal plant）, and nuclear sterility line Chuan A-3 （used as maternal plant） were crossed to selected Songyou 2 as experimental material. Yield and quality of seeds and vegetable bolts, the agronomic characteristics, and comprehensive benefits were investigated. Results showed that 48.56% plants presented chromosome-specific SSR fragments of songlan. As vegetables, contents of vitamin C and zinc were higher in bolts than those of broccoli （1-1-5）, cauliflower （rB-112）, B. parachinensis （Q10005）, Chinese kale （Chudong niuxin ganlan） and radish （CP4）. Amino acids and protein contents were higher in bolts than those of cauliflower （rB-112）, B. parachinensis （Q10005）, Chinese kale （Chudong niuxin ganlan） and radish （CP4）, comparable to broccoli （1-1-5）. The average start-cutting days of sprouts were 117 d, with vegetable bolt yield of 16 908.8 kg/hm2, increased by 75.1% compared with oilseed-vegetables cultivation control. Compared with oilseeds cultivation, the final-flowering period was postponed by 6-10 days, and plant height, siliques per plant, seeds per silique, 1000-seed weight, plant yield and oil content were reduced significantly. The predicted biomass at final flowering period was 124.3 t/hm2. The seeds yield was 1127.3 kg/hm2, increased by 16.4% compared with oilseeds-vegetable cultivation control, but decreased by 42.3% compared with the oilseeds cultivation. However, compared with oilseeds cultivation, the average comprehensive benefit of oilseeds-vegetables cultivation was 108 892.4 RMB yuan/hm2, increased by 92 920.4 yuan/hm2. The dual-purpose cultivation for oilseeds and vegetables of Songyou 2 had great sense for both human health and rapeseed cultivation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evolution of global rapeseed trade pattern and its policy enlightenment Xue XIAO, Zi-ming BAI, Hui-qiu ZHOU CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (2): 231-241.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021329 Abstract （296）   HTML （35）    PDF （2689KB）（277）       Knowledge map    Based on the global rapeseed trade data from 2000 to 2020, this paper used social network analysis method to explore the evolution characteristics of global rapeseed trade network in recent 20 years and its policy implications for China's rapeseed foreign trade. The results showed that the direct trading path among the rapeseed trading partners in the world was constantly shortening, and the rapeseed trade among the core countries, marginal countries and semi-marginal countries had a certain degree of substitution, but it remains relatively stable on the whole. Germany, France, the Netherlands, China, Canada, Japan and other countries were the world's important rapeseed trade hubs in the past twenty years. China's rapeseed import will pick up in a short time, and its dependence on foreign countries is still strong. Due to the further diversification of the development trend of rapeseed import source market, China's rapeseed industry will face both challenges and opportunities in the future development. Therefore, China should improve the rapeseed production level, improve the rapeseed import policy, expand the foreign trade and economic cooperation relations and channels of rapeseed industry, and ensure the stable supply of rapeseed. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of popping pretreatment on the quality and volatile flavor components of three types of rapeseed oil Wei-jun WANG, Chang ZHENG, Bo YANG, Qi ZHOU, Chang-sheng LIU, Huang-xiang LI CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (3): 659-666.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021122 Abstract （294）   HTML （1）    PDF （820KB）（55）       Knowledge map    Brassica napus, B. rapa and B. juncea rapeseeds were used as raw materials, the changes of quality and volatile flavor components of rapeseed oil after popping pretreatment were investigated. The results showed that the acid values and peroxide values of the three types of rapeseed oil were significantly increased （P<0.05） by 0.25, 0.49, 0.39 mg KOH/g and 0.20, 0.18, 0.18 mmol/kg, respectively, within the limits of Codex standard. The oxidation induction time of three types of rapeseed oil were significantly increased （P<0.05） by 17.32, 10.06 and 13.99 h, respectively. Popping pretreatment had no significant effect on fatty acid composition of the three types of rapeseed oil. After popping pretreatment, the contents of sulfur compound such as phenylacetonitrile, 3-methylcradonitrile and 5-hexenitrile, the kinds and contents of heterocyclic substances and oxidative volatiles in the three types of rapeseed oils were significantly increased （P<0.05）. Pyrazines and aldehydes were the main components in heterocyclic substances and oxidative volatiles, respectively. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Status and prospects for development and utilization of double-low rapeseed (Brasscia napus) for oil-vegetable-dual-purpose Yan YU, Yuan HE, Xiang-yu ZOU, Mao-run ZHOU, Fu-gui ZHANG, Zong-he ZHU, Ke-jin ZHOU CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (5): 921-929.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021167 Abstract （290）   HTML （17）    PDF （538KB）（204）       Knowledge map    Oil-vegetable-dual-usage is one of the important purpose for multifunctional utilization of rapeseed （Brasscia napus L.）. The approach effectively drives the development of rapeseed industry and enhances the income of planter. To provide reference data to improve quality and efficiency, and to promote revitalization of rapeseed industry, this review discusses the oil-vegetable-dual-usage model of double-low rapeseed and reviews its developing process, feasibility analysis, quality and picking, as well as variety breeding, and cultivation technology. In addition, considering the problems of the oil-vegetable-dual-usage model with respect to brand management, cultivation technology, policy support and market demand, this study proposes countermeasures and suggestions, including strengthening brand management and policy support, and standardizing production mode. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and expression pattern analysis of peanut candidate genes of high-affinity nitrate transporters Juan WANG, Da-chuan SHI, Hao-ning CHEN, Li-qing WU, Cai-xia YAN, Jing CHEN, Xiao-bo ZHAO, Quan-xi SUN, Cui-ling YUAN, Yi-fei MOU, Shi-hua SHAN, Chun-juan LI CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (2): 316-323.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2020347 Abstract （262）   HTML （6）    PDF （1911KB）（182）       Knowledge map    Arachis hypogaea L. is one of the most important oilseed and cash crops. The nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) is an important factor of peanut yield. In previous study, a candidate gene related to peanut yield was identified, belonging to high-affinity nitrate transporter genes (NRT2) family. In this project, the conserved domain of NRT2 protein was used to obtain the members of the NRT2 gene family based on the whole genome and transcriptome of peanut database. The phylogenetic tree, physicochemical properties, chromosomal distribution, genetic structure, conserved domain and gene expression pattern from 22 tissues were analyzed. The results showed that a total of 10 family members of the peanut NRT2 gene were identified. Chromosomal location analysis showed that these members were unevenly distributed on the 20 chromosomes. Genes located on chromosome 03 and chromosome 13, chromosome 06 and chromosome 16 had significant homology relationships. The expression pattern analysis indicated that the expression levels in tissues were different. Four genes, AhNRT2.4，AhNRT2.5a，AhNRT2.5b and AhNRT2.5c had higher expression in the root, which indicated the NRT2 members played important roles in root functions. This study provided the theoretical evidence for further revealing the function of NRT2 protein in peanut. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Aspergillus flavus infection in maize and peanut Dan JING, Xiao-feng YUE, Yi-zhen BAI, Xiao-xia DING, Qi ZHANG, Pei-wu LI CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (2): 442-450.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021026 Abstract （261）   HTML （6）    PDF （480KB）（218）       Knowledge map    Aspergillus flavus is an opportunistic pathogen of ascomycetes, which can causes diseases on several important agricultural crops, especially peanut and maize. This fungus has the potential to produce a toxic metabolite known as aflatoxin, with carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects to humans. A. flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination occur not only during the growing season, but also in the process of harvesting, drying, storage and transportation, which has a great impact on the safety of agricultural products and human health. Therefore, it is of great significance to analyze the infection process and molecular mechanism of A. flavus on grain and oil crops, which is benefit for resistant varieties breeding, the early warning and source control of aflatoxin contamination. This review summarized the infective process and molecular mechanism of A. flavus in peanut and maize, focusing on infection cycle, colonization site, infection process, influencing factors and infection mechanism of A. flavus. The purpose is to provide theoretical support for the prevention and control of aflatoxin contamination in agricultural products. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Advance in studies on the initial step of the glycerolipid biosynthetic pathway in plants Ni-sha HAN, Shuo DING, Yue-ping ZHENG, Lin-yan WEI, Xing-xing KE, Hong-bo LIU, Juan LIU, Zhi-fu ZHENG CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (4): 699-711.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021139 Abstract （261）   HTML （16）    PDF （2263KB）（170）       Knowledge map    Glycerolipids are the main constituents of biological membranes, which participate in a variety of biological processes including energy and signal transduction and protein transport, thereby playing many important roles during plant growth and development. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase （GPAT） catalyzes the initial committed step in de novo biosynthesis of phosphatidic acid （PA）. PA not only serves as a general precursor for the biosynthesis of membrane glycerolipids and the neutral lipid triacylglycerols, but also acts as an important signal molecule. So far, however, it has remained unclear how many genes encoding GPATs are present in plants, mainly due to the lack of convenient and effective methods for identification of this enzyme. In this review, we analyze and summarize the recent advance in studies on glycerolipid biosynthesis as well as on cloning and characterization of GPAT genes, then introduce the methods used for characterizing GPATs, especially for the development and application of yeast genetic complementation, and finally present our prospects for future studies on the initial step of the glycerolipid biosynthetic pathway. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development and characterization of new interspecific hybrid between diploid wild species Arachis duranensis and A. ipaensis Pei DU, Qian WANG, Hua LIU, Liu-yang FU, Li QIN, Jing XU, Zhong-xin ZHANG, Chen-yu LI, Wen-zhao DONG, Bing-yan HUANG, Xin-you ZHANG CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (3): 515-521.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021132 Abstract （259）   HTML （7）    PDF （2521KB）（91）       Knowledge map    Diploid wild species Arachis duranensis (AA) and A. ipaensis (BB) are the most possible ancestors of cultivated peanut. Peanuts synthesized by ancestral species are important materials for studying the origin and evolution. In this study, a new interspecific hybrid W1824 of A. duranensis (PI 497262) and A. ipaensis (PI 468322) was created and identified by hybridization, tissue culture, oligonucleotide probe staining FISH (OS FISH) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Analysis of pollen fertility, meiosis behavior and phenotypic traits showed that W1824 had high sterility, its average chromosome configuration was 0.5 III + 3.5 II + 11.5 I, and its height of main stem, length of first primary branch and leaf area showed super-parent advantage. This indicated that the two accessions PI 497262 and PI 468322 had high cross-compatibility and suggested that the tetraploid peanut synthesized using the two accessions might have significantly higher biological yield than their parents and unstable inheritance in chromosomal level. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research progress of peanut bacterial wilt in China Jia-li GONG, Dong-lei SUN, Neng-fei BIAN, Xing WANG, Xiao-jun WANG CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (6): 1159-1165.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021298 Abstract （259）   HTML （6）    PDF （897KB）（76）       Knowledge map    Peanut bacterial wilt is a worldwide disease, which occurs in more than 20 countries around the world and seriously affects the yield and quality of peanut. This article refers to related literature, summarizes the research reports on peanut bacterial wilt in China, describes the occurrence and distribution of peanut bacterial wilt, pathogenic bacteria and its harmful symptoms, and the law of transmission and epidemics. The research progress of peanut bacterial wilt control methods and resistance breeding are also reviewed, the research direction of peanut bacterial wilt is prospected. It aims to provide a reference for the comprehensive control of peanut bacterial wilt in China. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A study on the function of GmWUS2 gene regulating the number of soybean nodules Lu HAN, Ke-xin QU, Yong-fu FU, Qing-shan CHEN, Xiao-xia WU, Xiao-mei ZHANG CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (2): 289-297.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021040 Abstract （252）   HTML （9）    PDF （3004KB）（249）       Knowledge map    The nodulation and nitrogen fixation of legumes have a great significance in agriculture, such as production, nutrient efficiency, and soil improvement. WUS gene plays an important role in meristem function in plants. The bioinformatics analysis shows that the protein encoded by the soybean WUS gene （GmWUS） and the ArabidopsisWUS gene （AtWUS） share a high conserve amino acid sequence, even though there is a big difference at C-terminal. The promoter sequence GmWUS2pro, 3000 bp upstream of the transcription start site, was amplified from the genome of soybean Tianlong 1, and fused with the reporter gene GUS to obtain the GmWUS2pro:GUS expression vector. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that GmWUS2 gene was highly expressed in soybean flowers and nodules. Through hairy root transformation mediated by Agrobacterium rhizogenes and GUS staining, it was found that the GmWUS2 promoter was active in both the roots and the nodules in soybean. The knockout vector of GmWUS2 was constructed using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, while overexpressing vector was constructed at the same time, and both vectors were transformed into soybean hairy roots, which was further inoculated with rhizobia HH103. The phenotypic differences between Gmwus2 mutant hairy roots and GmWUS2 overexpression hairy roots were statistically analyzed compared to an empty vector. It was found that the knockout of GmWUS2 significantly promoted the nodule and leaf development, suggesting the GmWUS2 gene affected growth of both the above-ground and underground parts of plants. Our results indicate that the WUS gene plays an important role in soybean nodule development, providing useful clues for both studying soybean nodulation and improving biological nitrogen fixation in agricultural production. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on fruit quality of Changlin series of Camellia oleifera in northern production area Yu-chen YANG, Chang-qing SHU, Xiao-hua YAO, Lin-xiu LIU, Bing-bing YANG CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (3): 562-569.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021112 Abstract （251）   HTML （7）    PDF （459KB）（67）       Knowledge map    Camellia oleifera is the largest edible oil tree species in China. In order to select C. oleifera varieties for popularization and application in northern producing areas, 8 Changlin series (Changlin 3, 4, 18, 23, 27, 40, 53, and 55) from Henan Province (as in Guangshan County, and Xin County) and Anhui Province (as Jinzhai County) were used as materials. Fruit traits were determined and varieties with better comprehensive quality were screened by principal component analysis. Results showed that: different sites had significantly effects on fruit diameter and seed yield of fresh fruits, and had very significantly effects on fresh fruit weight, fruit height and fresh seed weight. However, different sites had no significant effect on contents of fatty acid in camellia oil. There were significant differences in fresh fruit weight, fruit height, fruit diameter, fresh seed weight, fresh fruit seed yield rate, dry kernel oil content among varieties. There was no significant difference in the contents of fatty acids in camellia oil among different varieties, and the average content of unsaturated fatty acids in Changlin 53 was the largest. Only from the perspective of unsaturated fatty acids, Changlin 53 in Jinzhai County showed better performance. According to the principal component analysis, only considering the first principal component, Changlin 55 has the highest evaluation value (0.935). The ranking of the experimental sites was as follows: Jinzhai County (1.103) > Guangshan County (0.032) > Xin County (-1.153). The comprehensive evaluation showed that Changlin 53, Changlin 4, Changlin 18 and Changlin 55 had better fruit traits than the other 4 varieties in the northern C. oleifera production area, and could be used as the superior varieties for priority popularization and application in this area. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Identification and genome-wide association analysis for tolerance to acid aluminum using Sichuan and Chongqing soybean germplasm Shi-hua XIANG, Hao YANG, Hong-yan YANG, Hua-wei YANG, Lin YU, Ya-bin HAN, Qing-yuan HE CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES    2022, 44 (5): 981-988.   DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2021242 Abstract （251）   HTML （4）    PDF （1596KB）（116）       Knowledge map    In order to find out acid aluminum tolerance soybean germplasm in Sichuan-Chongqing region, and to discover candidate genes for tolerance, 201 soybean bred lines and local varieties from Sichuan-Chongqing region were selected and identified. Hydroponic experiment was carried out to identify seedling tolerance using relative elongation of the main roots as index. Genome-wide association analysis was performed using 83 622 SNP markers. Results showed that the average relative elongation of the main roots of 201 Sichuan-Chongqing resources was 77.00%, the variation range was 13.0% to 98.6%, the coefficient of variation was 17.6%, and the generalized heritability was 93.2%. Among them, the relative elongation of the main roots of 6 soybean lines were above 95.0%, showing extremely high tolerant to acid aluminum. The relative elongation of the main roots of 2 resources were less than 20.0%, indicating their extreme sensitive to acid aluminum environment. Using 0.0001 as threshold of significant association sites, 4 SNP sites were detected simultaneously. Using GLM and MLM models, the 4 SNPs were located in the 4 haplotype blocks on chromosomes 2, 11, and 20, respectively. Seven candidate genes were searched from 4 haplotype blocks. With reference to the functional annotation and transcription expression level of the candidate genes, it could be predicted that Glyma.02g211800 and Glyma.20g185500 were candidate genes for soybean acid aluminum tolerance response and physiological regulation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics