不同钾肥用量对冬油菜主要光合器官演替的影响

胡文诗, 孟凡金, 李静, 陆志峰, 任涛, 鲁剑巍

中国油料作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5) : 843.

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中国油料作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (5) : 843. DOI: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2020121
栽培生理

不同钾肥用量对冬油菜主要光合器官演替的影响

  • Effects of potassium application rates on succession of main photosynthetic organs in oilseed rape
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Effects of potassium application rates on succession of main photosynthetic organs in oilseed rape

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摘要

明确钾肥对冬油菜两种光合器官(叶片和角果皮)的演替和光合能力的调控,对于进一步理解钾肥促进油菜产量的机制具有重要意义。实验于2018-2019年油菜生长季的田间开展,通过监测不同施钾量下油菜(甘蓝型油菜华油杂9号)叶面积指数(LAI)和角果皮面积指数(PAI)的动态变化,结合光合能力变化,探究油菜主要光合器官对产量的影响。随着生育期推进,LAI逐渐增加,在花期达到最大,为3.4~4.8,此后迅速降低,而PAI快速增加,相同处理下最大PAI与最大LAI相当。钾肥施用对LAI和PAI调控作用一致,LAI和PAI均随施钾量增加而增加,PAI/LAI的比值不受施钾量影响。在各关键生育期,光合速率随施钾量增加而增加,在超过120 K2O kg/hm2 后不再显著变化。在一天中,钾肥施用显著提高午间光合速率,缓解越冬期午休现象。LAI、PAI和光合能力与油菜籽产量显著相关,施钾显著提高油菜光合器官光合面积和能力,从而增加油菜籽产量。

Abstract

For high yield and better understanding of potassium (K) effect, succession and photosynthetic capacity of rapeseed photosynthetic organs (leaves and siliques) were investigated by field experiment in 2018-2019. The dynamic changes of leaf area index (LAI) and pod wall area index (PAI) were explored under different K application rates. Results showed that the LAI gradually increased with growth, and reached to the maximum (3.4-4.8) at flowering stage and then rapidly decreased, whilst the PAI was increased steeply. Under the same treatments, the maximum PAI was equivalent to that of the LAI. The effects of K application rates on LAI and PAI were consistent. Both LAI and PAI were increased with K application rates. But PAI/LAI was not affected by K application. During the growth stages, photosynthetic rates were increased with K rates until exceeding to 120 kg/hm2. At the daytime, photosynthetic rates in the noon were enhanced obviously with K application rates. K fertilizer alleviated the ‘midday depression’ during the overwintering period. LAI, PAI and photosynthetic rates were significantly related to seed yield. Application of K fertilizer significantly increased the photosynthetic area and capacity of photosynthetic organs of oilseed rape, thereby increasing seed yield.

关键词

油菜 / / 光合器官 / 角果皮 / 光合作用

Key words

oilseed rape / potassium / photosynthetic organs / pod wall / photosynthesis

引用本文

导出引用
胡文诗, 孟凡金, 李静, 陆志峰, 任涛, 鲁剑巍. 不同钾肥用量对冬油菜主要光合器官演替的影响[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2021, 43(5): 843 https://doi.org/10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2020121
HU Wen-shi, MENG Fan-jin, LI Jing, LU Zhi-feng, REN Tao, LU Jian-wei. Effects of potassium application rates on succession of main photosynthetic organs in oilseed rape[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF OIL CROP SCIENCES, 2021, 43(5): 843 https://doi.org/10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2020121
中图分类号: 中图分类号:S565.4   

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基金

国家自然科学基金(31672231);国家油菜产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-12)
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