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中国油料作物学报

中国油料作物学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6): 1016-1024.doi: 10.19802/j.issn.1007-9084.2020353

• 遗传育种 • 上一篇    下一篇

大豆耐盐碱种质资源鉴定

韩毅强1,3(), 高亚梅1, 杜艳丽2, 张玉先2,3, 杜吉到2,3(), 张文慧2, 潘绍玉4   

  1. 1.黑龙江八一农垦大学生命科学技术学院，黑龙江 大庆，163319
    2.黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院，黑龙江 大庆，163319
    3.国家杂粮工程技术研究中心，黑龙江 大庆，163319
    4.大庆蕈农食用菌科技有限公司，黑龙江 大庆，163217
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-11 出版日期:2021-12-22 发布日期:2021-12-23
  • 通讯作者: 杜吉到 E-mail:hyq420@163.com;djdbynd0@163.com
  • 作者简介:韩毅强（1976- ），男，河北宣化，副教授，博士，现主要从事作物生理生化研究，E-mail： hyq420@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划子课题(2016YFD0100201-03);校内培育课题资助计划项目(XZR2015-12)

Identification of saline-alkali tolerant germplasm resources of soybean during the whole growth stage

Yi-qiang HAN1,3(), Ya-mei GAO1, Yan-li DU2, Yu-xian ZHANG2,3, Ji-dao DU2,3(), Wen-hui ZHANG2, Shao-yu PAN4   

  1. 1.College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
    2.College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
    3.National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing 163319, China
    4.Daqing Tannong Edible Mushrooms Technology Co. , Ltd, Daqing 163217, China
  • Received:2020-12-11 Online:2021-12-22 Published:2021-12-23
  • Contact: Ji-dao DU E-mail:hyq420@163.com;djdbynd0@163.com

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摘要：

盐碱胁迫伴随作物生长各个阶段，筛选获得全生育期耐盐碱大豆资源意义重大。试验通过测定大庆地区盐碱土含盐碱种类、含盐量及pH值等指标，确定筛选用盐碱种类、浓度。在培养皿、发芽袋和盆栽试验筛选中，通过大豆芽期发芽率、芽苗期物质生长量、成熟期物质生长量鉴定耐盐碱大豆种质。结果显示大庆地区盐碱土壤为硫酸盐苏打盐碱土，确定盐碱溶液为NaCl、Na2CO3、NaHCO3和Na2SO4（摩尔比为1∶1∶9∶9）的混合盐碱溶液，以Na离子含量计算总盐浓度为80 mmol·L-1，溶液pH值为8.9，盆栽筛选用土壤盐含量为3.3‰，pH值为8.9。鉴定的887份种质资源中种皮颜色有黑、褐、红、绿、黄及双色等，相关性分析发现大豆耐盐碱性与大豆种皮颜色极显著正相关。通过芽期耐盐碱鉴定，887份大豆资源中筛选获得296份耐以上资源，进一步芽苗期筛选有123份显示高耐，再经过全生育期筛选获得7份高耐资源，5份来源于南方，2份来源于黄淮，62份耐资源，盆栽筛选比例为56.10%。本研究建立了从芽期、芽苗期到全生育期的逐级筛选方法，从887份大豆种质资源中筛选获得69份耐盐碱资源，为耐盐碱育种与耐盐碱基因资源利用提供基础材料。

关键词: 大豆资源, 全生育期, 耐盐碱, 筛选方法

Abstract:

Saline-alkali stress always exists in all stages of crop, and it is of great significance to screen saline-alkali tolerant soybean resources in the whole growth period. The salt species, salt content and pH value of saline-alkali soil in Daqing area were firstly measured, then the salt species and concentration of salt for screening were determined. In culture dish, germination bag and pot screening experiment, the saline-alkali tolerance of soybean was evaluated by the germination rate, the amount of matter at seedling stage and the dry matter weight at maturity stage. The results showed that the soil in Daqing area was sulfate soda saline-alkali soil, and the saline alkali solution is the mixed saline alkali solution of NaCl, Na2CO3, NaHCO3 and Na2SO4 （molar ratio is 1:1:9:9）, and the total salt concentration calculated by Na ion content is 80 mmol · L-1, and the pH value of the solution is 8.9. Therefore, the salt content and pH value of soil in pot experiment were 3.3 ‰ and 8.9, respectively. Among the 887 soybean cultivars identified, the seed coat colors were black, brown, red, green, yellow and double color, and the correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between salt tolerance and seed coat color of soybean. 296 tolerance soybean cultivars were selected from 887 soybean resources in germination stage, and 123 cultivars among 296 cultivars were identified as high resistance in germination and seedling stage, furthermore 7 resistant soybeans, including 5 from South China, 2 from Huanghuai, and 62 tolerant soybeans were obtained in the whole growth stage, and the proportion of pot screening was 56.10%. This study established a stepwise screening method from germination stage, seedling stage to the whole growth stage, and 69 salt and alkali resistant resources were selected from 887 soybean germplasm resources, which provided material basis for salt tolerance breeding and utilization of salt tolerant gene resources.

Key words: soybean resources, whole growth stage, saline-alkali tolerance, screening method

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